Posts

Here are all published articles, sorted by date in descending order.

827 posts total
17 pages total
A 1-dimensional Peano continuum which is not an IFS attractor

A 1-dimensional Peano continuum which is not an IFS attractor

: ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์œ„์ƒ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์ด๋ก ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๋ฌดํ•œ ์ฐจ์›์˜ ํ‰๋ฉด Peano ์—ฐ์†์ฒด๊ฐ€ IFS attractor์™€ ๋™ํ˜•์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•œ๋‹ค. IFS attractor๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ(Iterated Function System)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ, ์••์ถ•๋œ ๋ฉ”ํŠธ๋ฆญ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” IFS attractor์˜ ์œ„์ƒํ•™์  ์„ฑ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊นŠ์ด ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ IFS attractor๋Š” ๊ตญ์†Œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ์†์„ฑ

Mathematics
No Image

Small Jump with Negation-UTM Trampoline

์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ํŠœ๋ง ๋จธ์‹ ์˜ ๊ณ ์ •์ ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด L โ‰  P์™€ P โ‰  NP๋ผ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ ์ด๋ก  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •์  ํŠœ๋ง ๋จธ์‹ (DTM)๊ณผ ๋ณดํŽธ์  ํŠœ๋ง ๋จธ์‹ (UTM) ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. 1. L โ‰  P ์ฆ๋ช… ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋กœ๊ทธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ DTM(LDTM) ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ด ๋ถ€์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ซํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” LDTM์„ ๋‹คํ•ญ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด์— ์—๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” UTM์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง„๋‹จํ™”(diagonalization) ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ

Computational Complexity Computer Science
Electrostatic accelerometer with bias rejection for deep space   gravitation tests

Electrostatic accelerometer with bias rejection for deep space gravitation tests

์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์ค‘๋ ฅ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋„๋กœ ์ •๊ตํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์†๋„๊ณ„์ธ ๋ฏธํฌ๋กœ์Šคํƒ€๋ฅด(MicroSTAR)์™€ ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค ์žฌ๊ฑฐ์ ˆ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ์ธต ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ์˜ ๋น„์ค‘๋ ฅ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทนํžˆ ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ ๊ฐ€์†๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ๋ฏธํฌ๋กœ์Šคํƒ€๋ฅด(MicroSTAR)์™€ ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด์Šค ์žฌ๊ฑฐ์ ˆ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ฏธํฌ๋กœ์Šคํƒ€๋ฅด : ์ด๋Š” ์ „ํ•˜ ๊ฐ€์†๋„๊ณ„๋กœ, Onera์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์˜จ๋ผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„์„ฑ์˜ ๋น„์ค‘๋ ฅ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทนํžˆ ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ ๊ฐ€์†๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธก์ • ๋…ธ์ด์ฆˆ๋Š” 1.8 ร— 10^ 4 mยทs^ 2 ๋ฒ”

General Relativity Physics
Computation of copulas by Fourier methods

Computation of copulas by Fourier methods

์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋‹ค์ฐจ์› ๋žœ๋ค ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์•”์‹œ์  ์ปคํ”Œ๋ผ ํ‘œํ˜„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ํ‘ธ๋ฆฌ์— ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜์กด์„ฑ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋™์  ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. 1. ์ปคํ”Œ๋ผ์™€ ์˜์กด์„ฑ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์ปคํ”Œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜์กด์„ฑ์„ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์Šคํด๋ผ๋ฅด์˜ ์ •๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณต๋™ ๋ถ„ํฌ์™€ ์ด๋ถ„ ๋ถ„ํฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์šฐ์•„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ปคํ”Œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์  ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์ž˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ

Mathematics Quantitative Finance
No Image

The Asymptotic Mandelbrot Law of Some Evolution Networks

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—์„œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜๋Š” ๋งŒ๋ธ๋ธŒ๋กœํŠธ ๋ฒ•์น™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—„๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ์ฆ๋ช…์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ ํ˜• ์„ ํ˜ธ ๋ถ€์ฐฉ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ฃผ์š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทผ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฐจ์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ์˜ ๊ทนํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ๋‹ค. 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ ๋ณต์žก ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ•™๋ฌธ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ž์œ  ํŠน์„ฑ์€ ๊ทธ ๋ณดํŽธ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๋‚ด ๋…ธ๋“œ๋“ค์˜ ์ฐจ์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „๋ ฅ๋ฒ•์น™์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋ฐ”๋ผ์‹œ์™€

Computer Science Physics Social Networks Network
A Majorization Order on Monomials and Termination of a Successive   Difference Substitution Algorithm

A Majorization Order on Monomials and Termination of a Successive Difference Substitution Algorithm

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์ฐจ๋ถ„ ๋Œ€์ฒด ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜(KSDS)์˜ ์ข…๊ฒฐ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ์ฃผ์š”ํ™” ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์ด ์–ธ์ œ ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. KSDS๋Š” ๋‹คํ•ญ์‹ ํ•จ์ˆ˜์—์„œ ํŠน์ • ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์–‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋‹จํ•ญ์‹์˜ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. 1. KSDS์˜ ์ •์˜ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ KSDS๋Š” ์ž…๋ ฅ ํ•จ์ˆ˜ f๋ฅผ ๋‹คํ•ญ์‹ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด ๋‹คํ•ญ์‹์—์„œ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ฒด ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹คํ•ญ์‹์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์ด๋‹ค. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹จํ•ญ์‹์ด ์–‘์ˆ˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์Œ์ˆ˜ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋•Œ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ •์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠน

Symbolic Computation Mathematics Computer Science
No Image

More Mouldy Data: Another mycoplasma gene jumps the silicon barrier into the human genome

: ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ •๋ณดํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ด์Šˆ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค ์˜ค์—ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์œ ์ „์ฒด ์„œ์—ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ์ •ํ™•์„ฑ๊ณผ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•จ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณฐํŒก์ด DNA๋กœ ์˜ค์—ผ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์€ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค ์˜ค์—ผ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์œ ์ „์ฒด ์„œ์—ด์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ถœํŒ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ, ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ •ํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋…ผ์˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์˜ค์—ผ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์œ ์ „์ฒด ์„œ์—ด์ด

Quantitative Biology Data
No Image

A Useful Property of the Finite Nonabelian Groups

: ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์œ ํ•œ ๋น„์•„๋ฒจ ๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ๊ทธ ์ค‘์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์•„๋ฒจ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๊ตฐ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ตฐ๋ก ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์ธ Z ์˜์กด์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตฐ๋“ค์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘”๋‹ค. 1. ์ •์˜์™€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ฐœ๋… ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์œ ํ•œ ๋น„์•„๋ฒจ ๊ตฐ G์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ค‘์‹ฌ Z์™€ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์•„๋ฒจ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๊ตฐ H i (i 1,2,...,r)๋ฅผ ์ •์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ฐ H i๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์•„๋ฒจ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๊ตฐ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจ๋“  i, j์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด i j์ผ ๋•Œ๋งŒ H i H j๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๋ฆฝํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ G๊ฐ€ Z ์˜์กด์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๊ตฐ H i์™€

Mathematics
Superiority of exact quantum automata for promise problems

Superiority of exact quantum automata for promise problems

: ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์–‘์ž ์ปดํ“จํŒ…๊ณผ ๊ณ ์ „์  ์ปดํ“จํŒ…์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์–‘์ž ์˜คํ† ๋งˆํƒ€์™€ ๊ฒฐ์ •์  ์œ ํ•œ ์˜คํ† ๋งˆํƒ€(DFA)๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์–‘์ž์˜ ์šฐ์›”์„ฑ์„ ์ž…์ฆํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์–‘์ž ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜์™€ ์ „์ฒด ํ•จ์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ž๋™ํ™” ์ด๋ก ์—์„œ๋Š” ์–‘์ž ์œ ํ•œ ์˜คํ† ๋งˆํƒ€(QFA)์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ œํ•œ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Klauck

Formal Languages Quantum Physics Computational Complexity Computer Science
Cubic neutrons

Cubic neutrons

: 1. ์›์žํ•ต๊ณผ ์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ƒํƒœ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์›์žํ•ต๊ณผ ์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—์„œ ์ค‘์„ฑ์ž์˜ ๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. ์›์žํ•ต์€ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ๋œ ์–‘์ž ์œ ์ฒด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐ€์ง‘ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทธ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ์˜ ์•ฝ 74%๊ฐ€ ์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ ํ•œ๊ณ„์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ•ต๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด๋ฉฐ, ์›์žํ•ต ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ํ•˜๋“œ๋ก  ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด ํ•ต ๋ฒˆ์ง€์— ๋น„๋ก€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ˜์ง€๋ฆ„์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด ์›์žํ•ต ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๊ทนํ•œ ์••๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์••์ถ•์‹œ์ผœ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ•˜๋“œ๋ก  ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ์ค‘๋ ฅ์„ ์ œ์•ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ, ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋‘ ํƒœ

NUCL-TH HEP-PH Astrophysics
Symmetries of the Black-Scholes equation

Symmetries of the Black-Scholes equation

: ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ธ”๋ž™ ์‡ผ์Šค ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์˜ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์  ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ธˆ์œต์ˆ˜ํ•™์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ถ„๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์˜ ๋Œ€์นญ์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ณ ์ „ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ ์œ ํด๋ฆฌ๋“œ ์–‘์ž์—ญํ•™์—์„œ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ž…์ฆ๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ๊ธˆ์œต์ˆ˜ํ•™์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋„๋กœ, ๋ธ”๋ž™ ์‡ผ์Šค ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋” ๊นŠ์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋จผ์ € ๋ธ”๋ž™ ์‡ผ์Šค ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ‹€์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ํ›„, ์ด๋ถ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ด๋ฐฉ์ •์‹๊ณผ ์ž ์žฌํ•ญ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ญ์—ด๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ธ”๋ž™ ์‡ผ์Šค ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์˜ ์›๋ž˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ r ฯƒยฒโ‚‚์™€

Quantitative Finance Mathematics
Matrix Inversion Using Cholesky Decomposition

Matrix Inversion Using Cholesky Decomposition

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ํ–‰๋ ฌ ์—ญํ–‰๋ ฌ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์—์„œ ์ฝœ๋ ˆ์Šคํ‚ค ๋ถ„ํ•ด์™€ LDL ๋ถ„ํ•ด์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์— ๋น„ํ•ด 16 17%์˜ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ ํšŸ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์ด ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด๋‹ค. ์ฝœ๋ ˆ์Šคํ‚ค ๋ถ„ํ•ด์™€ LDL ๋ถ„ํ•ด ์ฝœ๋ ˆ์Šคํ‚ค ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋Š” ์–‘์˜ ์ค€๋Œ€์นญ ํ–‰๋ ฌ์„ ํ•˜์‚ผ๊ฐ ํ–‰๋ ฌ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์ „์น˜ ํ–‰๋ ฌ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ, ์—ฐ์‚ฐ ๋ณต์žก๋„๊ฐ€ O(nยฒ) ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ๊ตฌํ˜„ ์‹œ ์ƒ์‚ผ๊ฐ ํ–‰๋ ฌ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, C ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ํ˜ธํ™˜๋œ๋‹ค. LDL ๋ถ„

Mathematical Software Computer Science
Nordhaus-Gaddum for Treewidth

Nordhaus-Gaddum for Treewidth

: ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋“œ ๊ฐ€๋“œ๋‹ด ์œ ํ˜• ์ •๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠธ๋ฆฌ ๋„ˆ๋น„(treewidth)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ด€์ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ ์ด๋ก ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์˜ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋ฆฌ ๋„ˆ๋น„์™€ ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ: ํŠธ๋ฆฌ ๋„ˆ๋น„๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ G๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋กœ ํฌํ•จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” k ํŠธ๋ฆฌ(k tree)์˜ ์ตœ์†Œ ์ •์ˆ˜ k๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํŠธ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ„ํ•ด(tree decomposition)๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •์˜๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์˜ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ธ๋“œ ๊ฐ€๋“œ๋‹ด ์œ ํ˜• ์ •๋ฆฌ์™€ ํŠธ๋ฆฌ ๋„ˆ๋น„: ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ๋…ธ๋“œ ๊ฐ€๋“œ๋‹ด

Mathematics Computer Science Discrete Mathematics
Sipping Science in a Cafe

Sipping Science in a Cafe

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๊ณผํ•™ ์นดํŽ˜์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ํ”Œ๋กœ๋ Œ์Šค์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ '์นดํŽ˜ ๊ณผํ•™' ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์™€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ฐจ์›์˜ SciCafรฉ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผํ•™ ์นดํŽ˜๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ํ•™์ˆ  ํšŒ์˜๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์ด ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ํ‰๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜์„ ํƒˆ์‹ ๋น„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๊ณผํ•™ ์นดํŽ˜์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์นดํŽ˜๋ Œ์ฆˆ'๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™ ์นดํŽ˜์™€ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ, ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋„์„œ๊ด€์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์ตœ๋˜์–ด ํฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Physics
No Image

A characterization of the category Q-TOP

1. ์„œ๋ก  ์„œ๋ก ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. E.G. Manes๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด '๊ณต๋ฆฌ์ '์ธ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, Srivastava์™€ Solovyov๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ

Mathematics
Some Software Packages for Partial SVD Computation

Some Software Packages for Partial SVD Computation

1. ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋œ PROPACK PROPACK์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ SVD ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ, ์ฃผ๋กœ ํ•ต ๋…ธ๋ฆ„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” PROPACK์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋žŒ ์Šˆ๋ฏธํŠธ ์ง๊ตํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ 15%์—์„œ 20%๊นŒ์ง€ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋œ ๋ฒ„์ „์€

Mathematical Software Mathematics Computer Science
Linear-Time Poisson-Disk Patterns

Linear-Time Poisson-Disk Patterns

: ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ํฌ์•„์†ก ๋””์Šคํฌ ํŒจํ„ด ์ƒ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” O(N) ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ณต์žก๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค: ์ ์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์—ญ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“œ์™€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ ์ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋  ์˜์—ญ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ (๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“œ์˜ ํ•˜์œ„ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ). ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. 1. ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ ์˜์—ญ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“œ : ์ด๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ž‘์€ ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด, ๊ฐ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ ๋งŒ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์  ์ƒ์„ฑ ์˜์—ญ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ : ์ด๋Š” ์ ์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด

Computer Science Graphics
Injectivity and flatness of semitopological modules

Injectivity and flatness of semitopological modules

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ๊ฐœ๋…์ธ ์ฃผ์ž…์„ฑ(injectivity)๊ณผ ํ‰๋ฉด์„ฑ(flatness) ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ฑ์งˆ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜์  ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ๊ฐ์ฒด์— ์ ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์ž…์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ‰๋ฉด์„ฑ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ฐœ๋… ์ฃผ์ž…์„ฑ์€ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜์—์„œ '์ฃผ์ž…'๋˜๋Š” ์„ฑ์งˆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, A ๋ชจ๋“ˆ E'๊ฐ€ ฯƒ(E', E)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜ํ† ํด๋กœ์ง€์ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด, k ๋ฒกํ„ฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ E๋Š” A์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ์ธก ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ฃผ์ž…์„ฑ์€ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋งคํ•‘์ด ์ผ๋Œ€์ผ(one to

Mathematics
RISC and CISC

RISC and CISC

RISC์™€ CISC๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์•„ํ‚คํ…์ฒ˜ ์„ค๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ํŠน์ • ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ๊ณผ ์ œํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ RISC์™€ CISC์˜ ์žฅ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์ปดํ“จํŒ… ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ์˜ ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ์„ค๊ณ„ ์ฒ ํ•™์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ CISC ์•„ํ‚คํ…์ฒ˜๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์ฃผ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œํ•œ์ ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ, ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ช…๋ น์–ด ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋” ์งง๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ค๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ช…๋ น์–ด ๊ธธ์ด ๋ณ€๋™๊ณผ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋””์ฝ”๋”ฉ ๋ฌธ

Computer Science Hardware Architecture
Can the same generation of astronomers see both the short gamma-ray   bursts and their supernovae precursors?

Can the same generation of astronomers see both the short gamma-ray bursts and their supernovae precursors?

์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ๋งˆ์„  ํ‰๋ฐœ(GRB)๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์ „์กฐ๋ฌผ์ธ ์ดˆ์‹ ์„ฑ(SN) ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ด๋‹ค. 1. ๋‹จ๊ธฐ GRB์™€ SN์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ GRB๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์ด๋‚˜ ๋ธ”๋ž™ํ™€์˜ ์ดํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ดํ•ฉ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ž์„ํ™”๋œ ์ค‘์„ฑ์ž๋ณ„์ด ์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ดˆ๊ฐ•๋ ฅ ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ๊ณผ ์ œํŠธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ๋‹จ๊ธฐ GRB๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜์น˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจ๋œ๋‹ค. 2. SN ํญ๋ฐœ ํ›„ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ GRB ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ SN ํญ

Astrophysics
Astro-WISE processing of wide-field images and other data

Astro-WISE processing of wide-field images and other data

Catchy Title KO: ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ˜์‹ , Astro WISE Abstract KO: ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ฒœ๋ฌธ ๊ด€์ธก ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™ ์ •๋ณด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ธ Astro WISE ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Astro WISE๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฒœ๋ฌธ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ๊ฐ์ฒด ์ง€ํ–ฅ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋Š” ํŒŒ์ดํ”„๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ๋ ˆ์‹œํ”ผ(์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋‹จ๊ณ„)๋ฅผ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ตœ์ข… ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

Digital Libraries Data Computer Science Astrophysics
The CLAVIUS Four Centennial Meeting and XXXI ESOP

The CLAVIUS Four Centennial Meeting and XXXI ESOP

: 1. ์•ˆ๋“œ๋ ˆ์•„ ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋น„์šฐ์Šค์˜ ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์—…์  ์•ˆ๋“œ๋ ˆ์•„ ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋น„์šฐ์Šค๋Š” 16์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋กœ, ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ง์ „์— ํ™œ๋™ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋กœ๋งˆ ์ฝœ๋ ˆ์ง€์˜ค ๋กœ๋งˆ๋…ธ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ˆ˜ํ•™๊ณผ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค์œผ๋ฉฐ, '์ œ2์˜ ์œ ํด๋ฆฌ๋“œ'๋ผ๋Š” ์นญํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋น„์šฐ์Šค๋Š” ์ฝ”ํŽ˜๋ฅด๋‹ˆ์ฟ ์Šค ํ˜๋ช…์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ ˆ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋ ฅ ๊ฐœํ˜์—๋„ ํฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2. ์ผ์‹ ๊ด€์ธก๊ณผ ํƒœ์–‘ ์ง€๋ฆ„ ์ธก์ • ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋น„์šฐ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•œ 1567๋…„์˜ ํ˜ผ์„ฑ ์ผ์‹์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ €์„œ์— ์ถœํŒ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์•ˆํ™˜ ์ผ์‹์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™ ์„œ์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ผ์‹ ๊ด€์ธก์€ ํƒœ์–‘ ์ง€๋ฆ„์ด

Astrophysics Physics
No Image

Light Nuclei and Isotope Abundances in Cosmic Rays. Results from AMS-01

Catchy Title KO: ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋Ÿ‰ ์›์†Œ์™€ ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ ํ’๋ถ€๋„: AMS 01์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ Abstract KO: ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer 01(AMS 01)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 100 MeV์—์„œ 100 GeV ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” C, N, O ํ•ต์˜ ์ŠคํŒ”๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์ธ 2์ฐจ ์ข…๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์›์†Œ(Li, Be) ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ๋“ค์˜ ์ „ํŒŒ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์›์†Œ์™€ ๋™์œ„์›์†Œ์˜ ํ’๋ถ€๋„๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ

HEP-EX Astrophysics
No Image

Projection Operator in Adaptive Systems

์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ ์‘ ์ œ์–ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ํˆฌ์˜ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์ž์˜ ์—ญํ• ๊ณผ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊นŠ์ด ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ด์‚ฐ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์˜ ์„ฑ์งˆ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ํˆฌ์˜ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์ž๋ฅผ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์  ํ•ด์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋•๋Š”๋‹ค. 1. ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋จผ์ € ์ด์‚ฐ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์˜ ์„ฑ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์‚ฐ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ E ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋‘ ์  x์™€ y๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ด ๋‘ ์ ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ๋ถ„ ์œ„์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ ๋„ E์— ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์„ฑ์งˆ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํˆฌ์˜ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์ž์˜ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. 2. ํˆฌ์˜ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์ž์™€ ๊ทธ ํŠน์„ฑ ํˆฌ์˜ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์ž๋Š” R^k ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฒกํ„ฐ ฮธ, y์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์Œ

Nonlinear Sciences Computer Science System Mathematics Systems and Control
A deterministic algorithm for fitting a step function to a weighted   point-set

A deterministic algorithm for fitting a step function to a weighted point-set

: ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ k๋‹จ๊ณ„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์ค‘๋œ ์  ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์„ ๊ทผ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค ์‘์šฉ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ €์žฅ ๋ฐ ์ฟผ๋ฆฌ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ์†๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1. k๋‹จ๊ณ„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜์™€ ์ค‘๋Ÿ‰์ ์˜ ์ •์˜ k๋‹จ๊ณ„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ์‹œํ€€์Šค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์— ์ƒ์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ํ•จ์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๋Ÿ‰์ ์€ (x, y, w)๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ x์™€ y๋Š” ์ ์˜ ์ขŒํ‘œ์ด๊ณ , w๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ์ ์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2. ๊ทผ์‚ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฐ€์ค‘๋œ ์  ์ง‘ํ•ฉ P์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด k๋‹จ๊ณ„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜ f๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์„œ P์™€

Computational Geometry Computer Science Data Structures
No-go theorems for functorial localic spectra of noncommutative rings

No-go theorems for functorial localic spectra of noncommutative rings

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋น„์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ C ๋Œ€์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒ”ํŒ๋“œ ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ œํ•œ์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ํ–‰๋ ฌ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜ M n(C) (n โ‰ฅ 3)์—์„œ ์ž๋ช…ํ•œ ๋กœ์ปฌ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ, ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ํ† ํฌ์Šค ๊ฐœ๋…์ด ๋น„์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ C ๋Œ€์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ข‹์€ ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•จ์„ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. 1. ๋ ˆ์˜ˆ์Šค ์ •๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ™•์žฅ ๋ ˆ์˜ˆ์Šค์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ปค๋ฎคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ C ๋Œ€์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒ”ํŒ๋“œ ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ์„ ํ• ๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ํŽ‘ํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋ ฌ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜ M n(C) (n โ‰ฅ 3)์—์„œ ์ž๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ด ์ •๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜

Quantum Physics Mathematics
A Simple Proposal for a Solution to the Accommodation-Vergence Mismatch   Problem in 3D Displays

A Simple Proposal for a Solution to the Accommodation-Vergence Mismatch Problem in 3D Displays

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 3D ๋””์Šคํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ™๋ฐ• ์‹œ์•ผ ๋งž์ถค(Accommodation Vergence Mismatch, AVM) ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๊ฐ€ 3D ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ๊ณผ ํ”ผ๋กœ๊ฐ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š”๋ฐ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ™๋ฐ• ์‹œ์•ผ ๋งž์ถค ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜์˜ ์›์ธ ์ˆ™๋ฐ• ์‹œ์•ผ ๋งž์ถค ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๋ˆˆ์˜ ์กฐ์ ˆ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ(์ดˆ์  ๊ธธ์ด ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ)๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋ ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ(๋‘ ๋ˆˆ์˜ ์‹œ์„ ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋ชจ์œผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ) ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ‰๋ฉด ๋””์Šคํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์™€ 3D ์Šคํ…Œ๋ ˆ์˜ค ๋””์Šคํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ๋‘ ๋ˆˆ์˜ ์ดˆ์  ๊ธธ์ด์™€ ์ˆ˜๋ ด๊ฐ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค

Quantitative Biology Physics
No Image

Long Brief Pulse Method for Pulse-wave modified Electroconvulsive Therapy

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฒฝ๋ จ์š”๋ฒ•(Electroconvulsive Therapy, ECT)์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋“ค์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์žฅ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ํŽ„์Šค(Long Brief Pulse) ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์กฐํ˜„๋ณ‘ ํ™˜์ž์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ๋ จ ์œ ๋„์— ๋” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฒฝ๋ จ์š”๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ž‘ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™” ๊ฐ€์„ค(Seizure Generalization Hypothesis)์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ „๋‘์—ฝ ์ „์ฒด๋กœ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ž‘ ํ™•์‚ฐ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ž‘ ์œ ๋„

Quantitative Biology Physics
No Image

On the variational noncommutative Poisson geometry

: ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๊ณ ์ฐจ์› ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๋น„์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ๋ณ€๋ถ„ ํฌ์Šจ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์„ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ํŠนํžˆ ๋น„์ปค๋„ ์„ฑ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ•ด๋ฐ€ํ„ด ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ง„ํ™”๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ๋„๊ตฌ์™€ ์ด๋ก ์ด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์—์„œ์˜ ์‘์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์ œํŠธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ n์ฐจ์› ์œ ํ–ฅ R ๋‹ค์ค‘๋ณ€ ๊ณก๋ฉด ์œ„์—์„œ ์ •์˜๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌดํ•œ ์ œํŠธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ Noether ๋น„์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์„ ํ˜• ํ–‰๋ ฌ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์ž๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋ณ€๋ถ„ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, A์˜ ๊ณต์—ญ Aโ€ ๋Š” pโ‚๊ณผ A(pโ‚‚)

HEP-TH Mathematics MATH-PH Nonlinear Sciences
Searching for radio relics and halos. Their role in the formation and   acceleration of extragalactic cosmic rays

Searching for radio relics and halos. Their role in the formation and acceleration of extragalactic cosmic rays

: ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์€ํ•˜๋‹จ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์—ด์  ๋ผ๋””์˜ค ๋ฐฉ์ถœ ํ˜„์ƒ์ธ ํ• ๋กœ(halo), ์œ ๋ฌผ(relic), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธํ• ๋กœ(minihalo)์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋“ค ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์€ํ•˜๊ฐ„ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„  ๊ฐ€์† ๋ฐ ํ˜•์„ฑ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ผ๋””์˜ค ๋ฐฉ์ถœ์€ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ก ์  ์ „์ž๋“ค์˜ ์žฌ๊ฐ€์† ๋˜๋Š” ์ธํŠธ๋ผํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ ๋งค์งˆ(ICM)๊ณผ์˜ ์–‘์„ฑ์ž ์–‘์„ฑ์ฒด ์ถฉ๋Œ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง„๋‹ค. ์•„์šฐ๊ฑฐ ํ˜‘์—…๋‹จ์€ ์ดˆ๊ณ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ (UHECR)๊ณผ ์€ํ•˜๋‹จ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ผ๋””์˜ค ์€ํ•˜(AGN)์™€์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ AGN์˜ ๊ฐ€์† ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์ œํŠธ ๋ฐ ๋ผ๋””์˜ค

HEP-PH Astrophysics
On drug transport after intravenous administration

On drug transport after intravenous administration

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์˜ ์—ญ๋™์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค: 1. ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์˜ ์ •์˜์™€ ์—ญํ•  : ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์€ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ๊ณผ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๋ถ„์ž ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ, ์ด๋Š” ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰ ์ž‘์šฉ ๋ฒ•์น™์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ดˆ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๋น„๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๋ถ„์ž๋Š” ์ž์œ  ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ํ˜ˆ์ค‘ ๋†๋„์™€ ์ด ํ˜ˆ์ค‘ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๋†๋„์˜ ๋น„์œจ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์‹œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. 2. ์ž์œ  ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๊ฐ€์„ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜๋ฌธ ์ œ๊ธฐ : ์Šค๋ฏธ์Šค ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์€ '์ž์œ  ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๊ฐ€์„ค'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜๋ฌธ์„

Quantitative Biology
Reproductive and non-reproductive solutions of the matrix equation AXB=C

Reproductive and non-reproductive solutions of the matrix equation AXB=C

Catchy Title KO: ์žฌ์ƒ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋น„์žฌ์ƒ์„ฑ ํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ–‰๋ ฌ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ AXB C์˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ Abstract KO: ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ S. B. Preลกiฤ‡๊ฐ€ ๋„์ž…ํ•œ ์žฌ์ƒ์‹ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ, ํ–‰๋ ฌ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ AXB C์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์žฌ์ƒ์„ฑ์  ํ•ด์™€ ๋น„์žฌ์ƒ์„ฑ์  ํ•ด์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ทธ ํ•ด์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ๋‹ค. R. Penrose์˜ ์ •๋ฆฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ์ผ๊ด€๋œ ํ–‰๋ ฌ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ AXB C์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ํ•ด๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜์—์„œ {1} ์—ญํ–‰๋ ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‘œํ˜„๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, Preลกiฤ‡์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ Haveriฤ‡์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์žฌ์ƒ์„ฑ์  ํ•ด

Mathematics
No Image

Wormhole geometries in modified gravity

1. ์—ฌํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์›œํ™€์˜ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ ์—ฌํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์›œํ™€์€ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ํ„ฐ๋„๋กœ, ์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์—์„œ ์ •์˜๋œ๋‹ค: $$ds^2 e^{2โ€ฉhi(r)} dt^2 + (1 b(r)r)^{ 1} dr^2.$$ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ $โ€ฉhi(r)$์™€ $b(r)$๋Š” ์ ๋ถ„ ์ขŒํ‘œ $r$์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž„์˜์˜ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋กœ, ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ ์ƒ‰ ํŽธ์ด ํ•จ์ˆ˜์™€ ๋ชจ์–‘ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์›œํ™€์ด ์—ฌํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ง€ํ‰์„  ์—†์ด ์กด์žฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, $e^{2โ€ฉhi} eq 0$์ธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, $โ€ฉhi(r)$๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์œ ํ•œํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ขŒํ‘œ $t$๊ฐ€

General Relativity Astrophysics HEP-TH
Electroluminescence in photovoltaic cell

Electroluminescence in photovoltaic cell

: ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ฐœ๊ด‘ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€(Electroluminescence, EL) ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ƒ์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1. EL ํ˜„์ƒ ๋ฐ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ ๊ฐ๋„ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€๋Š” ์ž‘๋™ ์ค‘์— ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ ์™ธ์„  ์˜์—ญ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ์šฉ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋น›์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ CCD ์„ผ์„œ๋Š” ๊ทผ์ ์™ธ์„ (1000nm๊นŒ์ง€)์— ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, IR ํ•„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด IR ๋น›์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํ๋ฆผ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋กœ

Physics
Hydrogen Geysers: Explanation for Observed Evidence of Geologically   Recent Volatile-Related Activity on Mercurys Surface

Hydrogen Geysers: Explanation for Observed Evidence of Geologically Recent Volatile-Related Activity on Mercurys Surface

: ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ˆ˜์„ฑ์˜ ์ง€ํ˜• ํ˜•์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ด๋ก ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์—๋Š” ํœ˜๋ฐœ์„ฑ ํ™œ๋™๊ณผ ์ฒ ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์ž๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ชจ๋ธ๋“ค๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด€์ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ˆ˜์„ฑ์˜ ํ•ต์— ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์–‘์˜ ์ˆ˜์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ๋‚ด์„ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ํœ˜๋ฐœ์„ฑ ํ™œ๋™์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ ์ˆ˜์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ '๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ง€ํ˜•'์€ ํœ˜๋ฐœ์„ฑ ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ง€ํ˜•์€ ์ˆ˜์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ํŠน์ง• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ, ๊ทธ ์›์ธ์„ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ ๊ณผํ•™์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2. ์ˆ˜์„ฑ ํ•ต ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ํœ˜๋ฐœ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ ์ €์ž๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ

Physics
LSM is not generated by binary functions

LSM is not generated by binary functions

์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋กœ๊ทธ ์Šˆํผ๋ชจ๋“ˆ๋Ÿฌ(LSM) ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•จ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ IMP๋กœ ์ •์˜๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ง“๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ T2 ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์ง„ LSM ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์ง‘ํ•ฉ C๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ PPS ฯ‰ ์ •์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ฐœ๋…๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ๋‹ค: 1. LSM ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ์ •์˜ : F(x โˆจ y)F(x โˆง y) โ‰ฅ F(x)F(y) (๋ชจ๋“  x, y โˆˆ {0, 1}^k์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด)๋ฅผ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋“ค๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. 2. T2 ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ตœ์†Œ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ : ์ด์ง„ LS

Computational Complexity Computer Science
A generalized Young inequality and some new results on fractal space

A generalized Young inequality and some new results on fractal space

: ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ณ ์ „์ ์ธ ์˜ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์ˆ˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์–‘(Yang) ๋ถ„์ˆ˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์  ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋ฒˆ์„ ๋ถ„์ˆ˜ ์ฐจ์›์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ๊ณ ์ „์ ์ธ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ด€์ ๊ณผ ํ™•์žฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. 1. ์–‘(Yang) ๋ถ„์ˆ˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ ์ด๋ก  ์–‘(Yang) ๋ถ„์ˆ˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ ์ด๋ก ์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜, ๋ถ„์ˆ˜ ์ฐจ์›์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์–‘(Yang) ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์  ํ‘œํ˜„์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋ฒˆ์ด ๋ถ„์ˆ˜ ์ฐจ์›์˜ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์„๋œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, 1ฮฑ + 2ฮฑ 3ฮฑ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€

Mathematics
No Image

Monochromatic Progressions in Random Colorings

: 1. ๋ฐ˜๋”์™€๋ฅด๋ด ์ •๋ฆฌ์™€ W(k) ๋ฐ˜๋”์™€๋ฅด๋ด ์ •๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋žจ์ง€ ์ด๋ก ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์–‘์˜ ์ •์ˆ˜ k์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด W(k)๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒํ•œ์„ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” {1, 2, ..., W(k)}์˜ 2์ƒ‰ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์—์„œ kํ•ญ ์•„๋ ˆํŠธ๋ฆญ ์ง„ํ–‰์ด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ชจ๋…ธํฌ๋กฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ W(k)์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ฐ’์€ k๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„ ๋•Œ๋งŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, k๊ฐ€ ์ปค์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ด ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2. ํ™•๋ฅ ์  ์ ‘๊ทผ: N+(k)์™€ N (k) N+(k)๋Š” {1, 2, ..., N+(k)}์˜ 2์ƒ‰ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์—์„œ kํ•ญ ์•„๋ ˆํŠธ๋ฆญ ์ง„ํ–‰์ด ํฌํ•จ๋  ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด

Computer Science Mathematics Discrete Mathematics
No Image

Guaranteed successful strategies for a square achievement game on an n by n grid

์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜• ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์—์„œ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด ์ „๋žต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒŒ์ž„์€ n x n ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ์œ„์—์„œ ๋‘ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๊ฐ€ 'O'์™€ 'X'๋ฅผ ๋ฒˆ๊ฐˆ์•„ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ‰ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง ๋ณ€์˜ ๋ชจ์„œ๋ฆฌ์— 4๊ฐœ์˜ ์…€์„ ์ ์œ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์Šน๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ SQRGAME2๋ผ๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด n์ด 3, 4, 5์ผ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ์ „๋žต์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ์ž„์˜ ๊ทœ์น™๊ณผ ์ง„ํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. G๋Š” 0๋ถ€ํ„ฐ (์ ์–ด๋„) n 1๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์ •์ˆ˜ ์ธ๋ฑ์Šค ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€

Mathematics Computer Science Discrete Mathematics
Promoting scientific thinking with robots

Promoting scientific thinking with robots

: ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋กœ๋ด‡์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊นŠ์ด ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ž. 1. ๋กœ๋ด‡์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„์™€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ : ์ด ๋กœ๋ด‡์€ DC ๋ชจํ„ฐ, ๊ด‘ ์„ผ์„œ, Arduino ์ œ์–ด ๋ณด๋“œ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž‘๋™ ์›๋ฆฌ : ๊ด‘ ์„ผ์„œ๋Š” ๋น›์„ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ผ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•œ ๋น›์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ํšŒ์ „ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋กœ๋ด‡์€ ๋น›์„ ์ถ”์ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ : Arduino ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ œ์–ด๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์„ค

Robotics Physics Computer Science Artificial Intelligence
No Image

Quantum Cost Efficient Reversible BCD Adder for Nanotechnology Based Systems

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์—ญ์ „ํŒŒ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ๋กœ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์ ์šฉ ๋ฒ”์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ BCD ๋ง์…ˆ๊ธฐ์˜ ์–‘์ž ๋น„์šฉ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์—ญ์ „ํŒŒ ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ €์ „๋ ฅ ํšŒ๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„์™€ ๋‚˜๋…ธ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ์—ญ์ „ํŒŒ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ ์—ญ์ „ํŒŒ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ณด ์†์‹ค ์—†์ด ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ์ €์ „๋ ฅ ์†Œ๋ชจ ํšŒ๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํŠน์ง•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ญ์ „ํŒŒ ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์ž…๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ๊ฐ„ 1๋Œ€1 ๋งคํ•‘์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด

System Computer Science Hardware Architecture
No Image

Chaos structures. Multicurrency adviser on the basis of NSW model and social-financial nets

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์™ธํ™˜ ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๋‹คํ†ตํ™” ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ ์ „๋žต์„ ์ตœ์ ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋™์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ํ™•๋ฅ  ํŒŒ๋™ ๋ชจ๋ธ(NSW ๋ชจ๋ธ)์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ์ตœ์ ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ์›์น™๊ณผ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์š” ์›์น™์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๋™์—ญํ•™ ์ตœ์ ํ™”์™€ ์ˆ˜์ง ์ž์œจ ์กฐ๋ฆฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์—ญํ•™ ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋Š” ๋žœ๋ค ์†”๋ฃจ์…˜ ์ƒ์„ฑ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์†”๋ฃจ์…˜๋“ค์€ ํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ '์ƒ์กด'ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ '์ œ๊ฑฐ'๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์€

Quantitative Finance Model
Powerful relativistic jets in spiral galaxies

Powerful relativistic jets in spiral galaxies

: ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ฒœ์ฒด๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์—์„œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ก ์  ์ œํŠธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์‹ฌํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๋‚˜์„  ์€ํ•˜์—์„œ๋„ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ก ์  ์ œํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ธ์‹์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ก ์  ์ œํŠธ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํŠน์„ฑ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ก ์  ์ œํŠธ๋Š” ํ™œ๋™์€ํ•˜ํ•ต(AGN), ๊ฐ๋งˆ์„  ํญ๋ฐœ(GRB), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์€ํ•˜ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ์ œํŠธ๋Š” ๋น›์˜ ์†๋„์— ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•œ ์†๋„๋กœ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ก ์  ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํƒ€์›ํ˜• ์€๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋งŒ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ก ์  ์ œํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ๋‚˜์„  ์€ํ•˜์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์–ด ์ด๋“ค ์ฒœ์ฒด์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€

Astrophysics
A well-balanced finite volume scheme for 1D hemodynamic simulations

A well-balanced finite volume scheme for 1D hemodynamic simulations

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜ ํ๋ฆ„์˜ 1์ฐจ์› ๋ชจ๋ธ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์น˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๋น„์ผ์ • ํƒ„์„ฑ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋™๋งฅ์—์„œ์˜ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ท ํ˜• ์žกํžŒ ์œ ํ•œ ์ฒด์  ์Šคํ‚ด์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. 1. ๋ณด์กดํ˜• ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ์šด๋™๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋น„์ผ์ • ํƒ„์„ฑ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋™๋งฅ์—์„œ์˜ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณด์กดํ˜• ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ์šด๋™๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์žฌํ‘œํ˜„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •์  ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ท ํ˜• ์žกํžŒ ์Šคํ‚ด์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. 2. ๊ท ํ˜• ์žกํžŒ ์œ ํ•œ ์ฒด์ 

Mathematics Numerical Analysis Computer Science
No Image

Filtrations of Formal Languages by Arithmetic Progressions

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ Berstel ์™ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ํ•„ํ„ฐ๋ง ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์žฌ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ , ํŠนํžˆ ์‚ฐ์ˆ ์ง„ํ–‰๋ ฌ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํ•„ํ„ฐ๋ง ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ์ •๊ทœ ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์  ์ž์œ  ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฌดํ•œ ํ•„ํ„ฐ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ S {s1, s2, ...} ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ์–ธ์–ด L ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•„ํ„ฐ๋ง๋œ ์–ธ์–ด { L

Formal Languages Computer Science
No Image

The Art of Space Filling in Penrose Tilings and Fractals

1. ์—์…” ์Šคํƒ€์ผ ํƒ€์ผ๋ง์˜ ๋„์ „๊ณผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ MC ์—์…”๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ํƒ€์ผ ์•„ํŠธ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ, ์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์—์…”์˜ ํƒ€์ผ๋ง ์ž‘์—…์€ ์ƒ๋ฌผ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์  ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฏธ์  ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—์…” ์Šคํƒ€์ผ ํƒ€์ผ๋ง์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋„์ „์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํƒ€์ผ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ ์ผ๊ด€๋˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์—์…”๋Š” ์–‘๋Œ€์นญ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด ๊ฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์™„์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•จ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ

Physics Mathematics
An Amendment of Fast Subspace Tracking Methods

An Amendment of Fast Subspace Tracking Methods

: ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๋ฐ ์žก์Œ ํ•˜์œ„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์ถ”์  ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ๊ณผ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, DPM(ํ™•์‚ฐ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค ๋ชจํ˜•) ํด๋ž˜์Šค์™€ Oja ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ•˜์œ„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ์ €์˜ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ŠคํŒŒํฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„œ๋ธŒ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค ์ถ”์ ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ ์„œ๋ธŒ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค ์ถ”์ ์€ ์„ผ์„œ ๋ฐฐ์—ด์—์„œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋œ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ ๋ฒกํ„ฐ ์‹œํ€€์Šค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์ €๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ†ต์‹ , ๋ ˆ์ด๋”, ์†Œ๋‚˜, ํ•ญ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ ์‘ ํ•„ํ„ฐ, ๋„์ƒ ์œ„์น˜ ์ถ”์ •(DOA ์ถ”์ •

Neural Computing Computer Science Mathematics
Orbits of the Kepler problem via polar reciprocals

Orbits of the Kepler problem via polar reciprocals

: ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ ํ–‰์„ฑ ๊ถค๋„๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜ธ๋„๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์™€ ๊ทธ ๊ทน์  ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ถค๋„๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค. 1. ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ ๋ถ„ ๋Œ€์‹  ์–ด๋‘์šด ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ง€์‹์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ฒ ์Šค(Derbes)์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฝ์€ ํ•œ ๋…์ž๋Š” '๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ ๋ถ„ ๋Œ€์‹  ์–ด๋‘์šด ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์— ์‹ค๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์˜€

Physics
No Image

Improved Astable Multivibrator

: ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์•„์Šคํ…Œ๋ธ” ํšŒ๋กœ์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ํŒŒํ˜• ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ์กด ์„ค๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์†”๋ฃจ์…˜์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋‘ ํŠธ๋žœ์ง€์Šคํ„ฐ ์•„์Šคํ…Œ๋ธ” ํšŒ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฝ˜๋ด์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ถฉ์ „๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ์ˆ˜(R C ์ƒ์ˆ˜) ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ถœ๋ ฅ ํŒŒํ˜•์ด ๋А๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด R C ์ƒ์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋ฉด ์ „๋ ฅ ์†Œ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ๊ฐ’์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ํŒŒํ˜•์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํšŒ๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํšŒ๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„๋Š” ์ฝ˜๋ด์„œ์˜ ์ถฉ์ „ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์—ฌ ์ปฌ๋ ‰ํ„ฐ

Physics
Mathematical proof of fraud in Russian elections unsound

Mathematical proof of fraud in Russian elections unsound

์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ๋น„ํŒ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ, ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐ€์šฐ์Šค ๋ถ„ํฌ์™€ ํˆฌํ‘œ์œจ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: 1. ๊ฐ€์šฐ์Šค ๋ถ„ํฌ์™€ ํˆฌํ‘œ์œจ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐํ•ฉ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋‹น์˜ ํˆฌํ‘œ์œจ์ด ์ง€์—ญ๊ตฌ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋น„๊ฐ€์šฐ์Šค ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์กฐ์ž‘์˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์šฐ์Šค ๋ถ„ํฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์š”์ธ์ด ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ ํ˜„์ƒ์—์„œ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํŒจํ„ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2. ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”ํ”„์˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ

Applications Physics Statistics

< Category Statistics (Total: 829) >

Electrical Engineering and Systems Science
7
General
272
General Relativity
9
HEP-EX
7
HEP-PH
12
HEP-TH
7
MATH-PH
4
NUCL-TH
1
Quantum Physics
12

Start searching

Enter keywords to search articles

โ†‘โ†“
โ†ต
ESC
โŒ˜K Shortcut