On some Sobolev and Pólya-Szegö type inequalities with weights and applications

We are motivated by studying a boundary-value problem for a class of semilinear degenerate elliptic equations \begin{align}\tag{P}\label{P} \begin{cases} - Δ_x u - |x|^{2α} \dfrac{\partial^2 u}{\partial y^2} = f(x,y,u) & \textrm{in } Ω, u = 0 & \textrm{on } \partial Ω, \end{cases} \end{align} where $x = (x_1, x_2) \in \mathbb{R}^2$, $Ω$ is a bounded smooth domain in $\mathbb{R}^3$, $(0,0,0) \in Ω$, and $α> 0$. In this paper, we will study this problem by establishing embedding theorems for weighted Sobolev spaces. To this end, we need a new Pólya-Szegö type inequality, which can be obtained by studying an isoperimetric problem for the corresponding weighted area. Our results then extend the existing ones in \cite{nga, Luyen2} to the three-dimensional context.

💡 Research Summary

The paper addresses weighted Sobolev embeddings and a new Pólya‑Szegö type inequality in three dimensions, with the ultimate goal of studying a boundary‑value problem for a class of semilinear degenerate elliptic equations of Grushin type:
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