Combining the Generalized and Extended Uncertainty Principles

The Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) and Extended Uncertainty Principle (EUP) are modifications to the Heisenberg Uncertainly Principle (HUP), expected to apply as the energy approaches the Planck scale. Here we consider a possible combination of these modifications (GEUP) and analyse the implications in various regions of the ($Δx$, $Δp$) plane. We also consider an alternative combination (EGUP) which exhibits duality between $Δp$ and $Δx$, showing that this has some unusual features. The parameters which describe these models are usually assumed to be positive but we extend our analysis to include negative values. All these proposals entail a link between black holes and the various types of Uncertainty Principle. In particular, the GEUP predicts a new kind of strong-gravity black hole and this implies an interesting link between black holes and elementary particles.

💡 Research Summary

The paper investigates how two well‑known modifications of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (HUP)—the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) and the Extended Uncertainty Principle (EUP)—can be combined into a single framework and what physical consequences follow. The authors begin by reviewing the standard HUP, Δx Δp ≥ ℏ/2, and its two extensions. The GUP adds a term proportional to (Δp)²,
Δx Δp ≥ ℏ/2