Bose polarons as relativistic Unruh-DeWitt detectors: Entanglement harvesting from Bose-Einstein condensates

We show that a bound impurity in a Bose-Einstein condensate can be directly mapped to an Unruh-DeWitt detector interacting with a relativistic quantum field. We provide explicit experimental parameters for an implementation using ${}^{39}\text{K}$ impurities coupled to a ${}^{87}\text{Rb}$ condensate via finite-time Feshbach tuning. As an application, we study the extraction of vacuum entanglement from distant regions of the condensate and find viable parameters for the implementation of entanglement harvesting.

💡 Research Summary

In this work the authors establish a concrete mapping between a bound impurity immersed in a Bose‑Einstein condensate (BEC) – a Bose polaron – and an Unruh‑DeWitt (UDW) detector, a paradigmatic model for a localized quantum probe of a relativistic field. Starting from the standard UDW interaction Hamiltonian, (H_I(x)=\lambda,\Lambda(x)